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United States Army 85th Infantry Division (Custer)
U. S. ARMY 85TH INFANTRY (CUSTER DIVISION) - The 85th Infantry Division also known as "Custer Division" (named after the cavalry commander George Armstrong Custer) was an infantry division of the United States Army.
World War I
The division was first activated August 25, 1917 at Camp Custer, Michigan, and comprised the 169th and 170th Infantry brigades and the 160th Field Artillery Brigade. After a year of training the division left the United States for England. From England the 339th Infantry Regiment sailed to Archangel, Russia to fight along the White Army in the Russian Civil War against Bolshevik forces as part of the Polar Bear Expedition. Accompanying the 339th were the 1st Battalion, 310th Engineers, the 337th Ambulance Company, and the 337th Field Hospital. After arrival in France as part of the American Expeditionary Forces, the remainder of the division was broken up to support other units. The Headquarters was stationed in Lorraine as a depot division and therefore did not participate in any combat operations. Doughboys of the Division served in other Divisions at the Battles for St. Mihiel, Marbache and in the Meuse-Argonne on the Western Front. After the war the division remained on occupation duty in Germany and by August 1919, the last elements of the division returned to the United States.
World War II
On May 15, 1942, five months after the United States entered World War II, the 85th Infantry Division was reactivated at Camp Shelby, Mississippi, under the command of Major General Wade H. Haislip.
WWII Casualties
- Total battle casualties: 8,774
- Killed in action: 1,561
- Wounded in action: 6,314
- Missing in action: 402
- Prisoner of war: 497
The division returned to the United States and was inactivated at Camp Patrick Henry, Virginia on August 26, 1945. It was then reactivated at Chicago, Illinois on February 19, 1947 in the U.S. Army Reserve. On June 1, 1959, the division's mission was changed to training and it was named the 85th Infantry Division (Training).
